Evolution is good for optimising and that is well understood. But evolution also creates things that no one knew were even possible. Frances Arnold Read Quote
Microbes such as bacteria and yeast use enzymes to make fuels from biomass. We use directed evolution to perfect those enzymes and make new fuels efficiently. Frances Arnold Read Quote
The code of life is like a Beethoven symphony. We have not yet learned how to write music like that. But evolution does it very well. I am learning how to use evolution to compose new music. Frances Arnold Read Quote
I wanted to make enzymes that would solve human problems, not just problems for a cell that makes them. Frances Arnold Read Quote
Enzymes catalyze all the reactions of life. They’re what allow you to extract materials and energy from your environment and turn that into muscle and tissue and fat. That’s all done by enzymes. They’re pretty remarkable chemists – they’re even better than Caltech chemists. Frances Arnold Read Quote
Engineering the biological world was even more interesting than engineering the mechanical world. Frances Arnold Read Quote
I was employed at the Solar Energy Research Institute in the late ’70s when Carter was president, and as a country, we had a goal of renewable energy development. Frances Arnold Read Quote
I wanted to rewrite the code of life, to make new molecular machines that would solve human problems. Frances Arnold Read Quote
